Kubumba plastike ni tekinoroji yubuhanga ikubiyemo inzira zitandukanye zo guhindura plastiki mubicuruzwa bya plastiki. Muri iri hinduka, kimwe cyangwa byinshi muribi bikurikira bikunze kubaho: impinduka za polymer rheologiya nibintu bya fiziki na chimique.
Gushushanya
Ibikoresho byingenzi byo guhunika compression ni imashini nububiko. Imashini ikoreshwa cyane niyigenga - irimo imashini ya hydraulic, iri muri tonnage kuva kuri toni icumi kugeza kuri magana. Hano hepfo - kanda igitutu hejuru - kanda. Ifumbire ikoreshwa muburyo bwo guhunika byitwa compression mold, igabanijwemo ibyiciro bitatu: ibishushanyo byuzuye, igice - cyuzuye, hamwe na -. Ibyiza byingenzi byo guhunika compression ni uko ishobora kubumba ibicuruzwa bifite ubuso bunini kandi bishobora gutanga umusaruro mwinshi. Ibibi byayo ni umusaruro muremure kandi ukorwa neza.
Gutera inshinge
Kubumba kumurika bikunze gukoresha imashini imurika. Ubu bwoko bwitangazamakuru bufite ibyapa byinshi bishyushye bishyushye hagati yicyapa cyimuka kandi gihagaze. Ibikoresho bikoreshwa cyane muburyo bwo kubumba lamination harimo imyenda y'ipamba, igitambaro cy'ibirahure, impapuro, n'igitambaro cya asibesitosi. Ibisigarira birimo fenolike, resinike ya epoxy, poliester idahagije, hamwe na resimoplastique. Gutera inshinge, gushiramo ibishishwa, gushushanya kurambuye, gushushanya firime, gutwika gushushe, gutera ibitanda byamazi, gutera urumuri, gutera amashanyarazi, gutera plasma.
Gukuramo ibicuruzwa
Gukuramo ibishishwa, bizwi kandi nka extrusion molding cyangwa extrusion, nuburyo bwo gukora ibikoresho ubudahwema binyuze mu rupfu rugenda rutemba ubishyushya kandi ubihatira muri extruder. Extrusion ikoreshwa cyane mugushushanya thermoplastique, ariko irashobora no gukoreshwa mubintu bimwe na bimwe bya plastiki ya termosetting. Ibicuruzwa byakuweho ni imyirondoro ikomeza, nk'imiyoboro, inkoni, filime, firime, hamwe na kabili. Byongeye kandi, irashobora gukoreshwa mukuvanga plastike, guhinduranya plastike, gusiga amabara, no kuvanga. Imashini ibumba imashini igizwe nibikoresho byo gukuramo, uburyo bwo kohereza, hamwe na sisitemu yo gushyushya no gukonjesha. Ibisohoka biza muburyo bubiri: ubwoko bwa screw (screw imwe na - screw) nubwoko bwa plunger. Iyambere ni inzira ikomeza yo gukuramo, mugihe iyanyuma irigihe. Imiterere yibanze ya extruder imwe - igizwe ahanini nigikoresho cyohereza, ibikoresho byo kugaburira, ingunguru, umugozi, gupfa umutwe, no gupfa. Ibikoresho bifasha ibicuruzwa biva mu byiciro bitatu byingenzi: ibikoresho byo kwitegura ibikoresho (nko gutanga ibikoresho no kumisha), ibikoresho byo gutunganya ibicuruzwa (shaping, gukonjesha, gukurura, gukata, cyangwa kuzunguruka), nibikoresho byo kugenzura umusaruro.
Amashanyarazi
Pultrusion ni bumwe muburyo bwo kubumba fibre ya thermosetting - plastiki ikomezwa. Byakoreshejwe mugukora imyirondoro hamwe numusaraba uhamye - imiterere yibice n'uburebure butagira imipaka. Uburyo bwo kubumba burimo gushushanya fibre ikomeza yinjizwemo na resin binyuze mu rupfu rushyushye, hanyuma ugakomeza gukiza ibisigazwa mu cyumba gishyushya kugirango ubyare imbaraga - imbaraga zidahwema gushimangira imiterere ya plastiki.
Ibisanzwe bikoreshwa mububiko bwa pultrusion harimo polyester idahagije, epoxy, na silicone. Polyester idahagije ni resin ikoreshwa cyane. Imashini ibumba pultrusion mubusanzwe igizwe nigikoresho cyo gutunganya fibre, ikigega cya resin, igikoresho cyerekana, gupfa no gushyushya ibikoresho, ibikoresho bikurura, nibikoresho byo gukata.
